Ergebnis für

• Untersuchung der Übereinstimmung zwischen Kraftplattform- und Sohlendruckdaten bei Barfuß- und skating-spezifischen Schuhwerkbedingungen über vier verschiedene Bewegungsmuster

  Conducting applied sport research in real-world settings is challenged by the lack of portable instrumentation capable of producing valid and reliable data that is collected without interfering with the athletes` movement and is meaningful to sport performance. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast data collected simultaneously from a force platform and a plantar pressure insole to provide support for the use of the XSENSOR® plantar pressure insoles in a skating-performance application. Data was collected in two conditions. The barefoot condition consisted of the insole on a force platform in isolation and the in-skate condition consisted of the insole inside a speed skate boot on a force platform. A single-participant design was conducted whereby an injury-free female completed multiple trials in both conditions. A P6000 Force Platform (BTS Bioengineering Corp., MI, Italy) was used to collect force data and an X4 Foot and Gait Measurement Systems plantar pressure insole (XSENSOR® Technology Corporation, AB, Canada) was used to collect pressure data in the two conditions across four movement patterns; static stance (SS), anterior-posterior sway (AP), medial-lateral sway (ML), and lateral jump (LJ). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots revealed excellent agreement between the cumulative centre of pressure path length (mm) measured from the force platform and insole in the barefoot condition and moderate to excellent agreement between impulse (Ns) measured from the force platform and insole, in both conditions. These outcomes provide researchers and practitioners with empirical support and confidence to employ the XSENSOR® plantar pressure insoles outside of a laboratory setting in a real-world skating environment to collect and analyse in-skate kinetic data during on ice performance.

• "Dann fährst du halt nochmal los und machst halt eine spezielle Sache mal fokussierter" - Generierung eines Prozessmodells des Bewegungslernens beim Park-Skaten

  Im sportpädagogischen und sportdidaktischen Diskurs wird für den Sportunterricht die individuelle Förderung aller Schüler*innen gefordert, wobei die Bedeutung selbständiger Diagnose- und Individualisierungsleistungen durch die Schüler*innen herausgestellt wird (Neuber und Pfitzner 2012). Die informelle Bewegungspraxis und Stil-Kultur (Stern 2010) des Skateboardings scheint in hohem Maße durch individuelle und selbständige Lernprozesse gekennzeichnet zu sein, die möglicherweise Anregungen für die Gestaltung des Sportunterrichts liefern können. Allerdings sind diese Lernprozesse bisher nur selten zum Gegenstand systematischer Untersuchungen gemacht worden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird deshalb das Bewegungslernen beim Park-Skaten im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung fokussiert. Ziel ist es, die Lernstrategien und die Prozesse des Bewegungslernens zu rekonstruieren und daraus Hinweise für den Sportunterricht abzuleiten. In der zugrundeliegenden empirischen Studie wurden eine Park-Skate-Praxis über den Zeitraum von drei Monaten in Form teilnehmender Beobachtung begleitet und leitfadengestützte episodische Interviews mit dort aktiven Skater*innen geführt. Die generierten Daten wurden mit Verfahrensweisen der Grounded Theory ausgewertet. Als Ergebnis der Studie konnten ein Prozessmodell des Bewegungslernens beim Park-Skaten generiert und Hinweise für den Sportunterricht abgeleitet werden.

• Unterschiede in der Verteilung der Druckkräfte bei Drehungen im alpinen Skisport und beim Inlineskating

  Short parallel turns on in-line skates are performed in the same order of body movements as during alpine skiing. Therefore, in-line skating is often used by competitors in alpine skiing as an alternative sport during preparation season for alpine skiing. Most of the competitors first learn the basics of skiing and then use in-line skating as a means for out of season training. From the aspect of ski beginners, it is important to determine force pressure differences during performance of short parallel turns on skies and in-line skates. Five participants were enrolled in the present study. They were all top-level alpine skiers who performed short parallel turns on skies and in-line skates in the previously defined corridors. They used Novel insoles for objective determination of force pressure under both left and right foot and under different parts of foot during in-line skating and skiing. Analysed were overall 70 skiing and 70 in-line skating turns. Measured force on outer foot during left turn on in-line skates is significantly lower than in the same turn on skies (584,82 N vs 764,79 N), and the same pressure pattern was seen for outer leg in right turn (564,44 N vs 811,37 N). Significantly higher pressure was seen on inner leg compared to outer while in-line skating and in both left and right turn (left turn-720,26 N vs 378,45 N; right turn-745,23 N vs 412,83 N). Moreover, results suggest the time delay in achieving maximal pressure on inner foot during in-line skating compared to outer foot. In addition, pressure over medial part of outer leg during skiing is significantly higher compared to that seen while in-line skating (left turn-53,54 N vs 159,64 N; right turn-65,33 N vs 161,33 N). Determined differences in the pressure distribution between turns performed on in-line skates and skies most probably come out of different terrains and friction forces which results in different speeds of turns. Although turns on in-line skates and skies differ in the characteristics of equipment and terrain (steepness and surface) and therefore produce different friction forces and speed, knowledge of in-line skating ameliorates learning of alpine skiing.